geometry problems from International Olympiad of Metropolises (IOM)
with aops links in the names
with aops links in the names
collected inside aops here
2016 - 2021
Let A1A2 . . .An be a cyclic convex
polygon whose circumcenter is strictly in its interior. Let B1, B2,
…, Bn be arbitrary points on the sides A1A2, A2A3,
…, AnA1, respectively, other than the vertices. Prove
that $$\frac{{{B}_{1}}{{B}_{2}}}{{{A}_{1}}{{A}_{3}}}+\frac{{{B}_{2}}{{B}_{3}}}{{{A}_{2}}{{A}_{4}}}+...+\frac{{{B}_{n}}{{B}_{1}}}{{{A}_{n}}{{A}_{1}}}>1$$
A convex quadrilateral ABCD has right angles at A and C. A point E lies on the extension of the
side AD beyond D so that < ABE = < ADC. The point K is symmetric to the
point C with respect
to point A. Prove that < ADB = < AKE.
Let ABCD be a parallelogram in which the angle at B is obtuse and AD
> AB. Points K and L are chosen on the diagonal AC such that < ABK = <
ADL (the points A, K, L, C are all different, with K between A and L). The line
BK intersects the circumcircle ω of triangle ABC at points B and E, and the line EL intersects ω at points E and F. Prove
that BF // AC.
Let ABCDEF be a convex hexagon which has an inscribed circle and a
circumscribed circle. Denote by ωA, ωB, ωC, ωD,
ωE, and ωF the inscribed circles of the triangles FAB, ABC,
BCD, CDE, DEF, and EFA, respectively. Let lAB
be the external common tangent of ωA
and ωB other than the line AB; lines lBC, lCD,
lDE, lEF , and lFA
are analogously defined. Let A1 be the intersection point of the
lines lFA and lAB
, B1 be the intersection point of the lines lAB and lBC
, points C1, D1, E1, and F1 are
analogously defined. Suppose that A1B1C1D1E1F1
is a convex hexagon. Show that its diagonals A1D1, B1E1,
and C1F1 meet at a single point.
A convex quadrilateral $ABCD$ is circumscribed about a circle $\omega$. Let $PQ$ be the diameter of $\omega$ perpendicular to $AC$. Suppose lines $BP$ and $DQ$ intersect at point $X$, and lines $BQ$ and $DP$ intersect at point $Y$. Show that the points $X$ and $Y$ lie on the line $AC$.
Géza Kós
The incircle of a triangle $ABC$ touches the sides $BC$ and $AC$ at points $D$ and $E$, respectively. Suppose $P$ is the point on the shorter arc $DE$ of the incircle such that $\angle APE = \angle DPB$. The segments $AP$ and $BP$ meet the segment $DE$ at points $K$ and $L$, respectively. Prove that $2KL = DE$.
Dušan Djukić
In a non-equilateral triangle $ABC$ point $I$ is the incenter and point $O$ is the circumcenter. A line $s$ through $I$ is perpendicular to $IO$. Line $\ell$ symmetric to like $BC$ with respect to $s$ meets the segments $AB$ and $AC$ at points $K$ and $L$, respectively ($K$ and $L$ are different from $A$). Prove that the circumcenter of triangles $AKL$ lies on the line $IO$.
We are given a convex four-sided pyramid with apex $S$ and base face $ABCD$ such that the pyramid has an inscribed sphere (i.e., it contains a sphere which is tangent to each race). By making cuts along the edges $SA,SB,SC,SD$ and rotating the faces $SAB,SBC,SCD,SDA$ outwards into the plane $ABCD$, we unfold the pyramid into the polygon $AKBLCMDN$ as shown in the figure. Prove that $K,L,M,N$ are concyclic.
Tibor Bakos and Géza Kós
In a triangle $ABC$ with a right angle at $C$, the angle bisector $AL$ (where $L$ is on segment $BC$) intersects the altitude $CH$ at point $K$. The bisector of angle $BCH$ intersects segment $AB$ at point $M$. Prove that $CK=ML$
Alexey Doledenok
In convex pentagon $ABCDE$ points $A_1$, $B_1$, $C_1$, $D_1$, $E_1$ are intersections of pairs of diagonals $(BD, CE)$, $(CE, DA)$, $(DA, EB)$, $(EB, AC)$ and $(AC, BD)$ respectively. Prove that if four of quadrilaterals $AB_{1}A_{1}B$, $BC_{1}B_{1}C$, $CD_{1}C_{1}D$, $DE_{1}D_{1}E$ and $EA_{1}E_{1}A$ are cyclic then the fifth one is also cyclic.
Nairi Sedrakyan and Yuliy Tikhonov
Points $P$ and $Q$ are chosen on the side $BC$ of triangle $ABC$ so that $P$ lies between $B$ and $Q$. The rays $AP$ and $AQ$ divide the angle $BAC$ into three equal parts. It is known that the triangle $APQ$ is acute-angled. Denote by $B_1,P_1,Q_1,C_1$ the projections of points $B,P,Q,C$ onto the lines $AP,AQ,AP,AQ$, respectively. Prove that lines $B_1P_1$ and $C_1Q_1$ meet on line $BC$.
Let $ABCD$ be a tetrahedron and suppose that $M$ is a point inside it such that $\angle MAD=\angle MBC$ and $\angle MDB=\angle MCA$. Prove that$$MA\cdot MB+MC\cdot MD<\max(AD\cdot BC,AC\cdot BD).$$
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